宾语从句是从句的一种,它在句中充当动词的宾语。宾语从句和主句之间往往由连接词连接。根据宾语从句的引导词的不同可以分为以下三种类型。
一、由连词that引导的宾语从句。
that既可以作为名词性从句的引导词,也可以作为主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的引导词。例如:
I know that you are happy.(作宾语)
That he was dishonest is well known to all.(作主语)
二、由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句。
1.连接代词有:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever。
连接代词引导的宾语从句在句中充当宾语。例如:
I will do whatever he asks.(充当do的宾语)
I don't know who she is.(充当know的宾语)
2.连接副词有:when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however。
连接副词引导的宾语从句在句中充当副词成分,例如:
I will go wherever you go.(充当go的副词)
Can you tell me why he is angry?(充当tell的宾语)三、由连接代词兼连接副词引导的宾语从句。
连接代词和连接副词既可以引导名词性从句,也可以引导定语从句。例如:
I don't know when he will come back.(作宾语)
You can choose whatever book you like.(作定语) 注意:在宾语从句中,若主句的谓语动词是感观动词、使役动词、使动动词、观念动词、判断动词或有些短语动词时,从句谓语应用陈述语气。若主句的谓语是祈使句,从句谓语应用虚拟语气。